She was he father's sole heir and was occasionally known as Marie the Rich. In January 1477, once again trying to expand his territories, Charles was involved in a war against the free cities of the Rhine valley and, despite a string of losses, decided to press on. The city of Mons so impressed Mary with its splendid reception in 1471 that she decided to stay there a year without Margaret of York. Mary of Burgundy died on March 27, 1482, with her husband and children nearby. You may have already requested this item. The citizens of the Burgundian cities were afraid of having a foreign ruler. While they could not, at first, speak each other's native languages, they taught each other and communicated well. Name variations: Catherine Valois; Catherine de Valois. Her death was a great loss to her subjects; for she was a person of great honor, affability, and generosity to all people, and she was more beloved and respected by her subjects than her husband, as being natural sovereign of their country. Mary of Burgundy; or, the Revolt of Ghent. Charles was a strict ruler, and the women were especially needed to pacify dissatisfied factions and build loyalty. © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Even if the letter was real, however, Louis was considered by contemporaries to be devious for his use of it. . Maximilian grieved publicly for her, and did not remarry for many years. Marie "the Rich" de Bourgogne, heiress. His dream was to create a kingdom out of Burgundy called Lotharingia. Without giving her a day to grieve, the citizens of Ghent approached the new duchess and demanded the reinstatement of their privileges. Mary of Burgundy summoned the Estates General, a body of citizens and councilors, to meet at Ghent in February 1477. Nancy L. Locklin , Ph.D. candidate, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia. Mary and Margaret of York were both pious women, and they made it a point to stop at many shrines while touring the country. Therefore, be sure to refer to those guidelines when editing your bibliography or works cited list. Her later actions as reigning duchess suggest that she was prepared early in life to govern. Joplin •Alun, Malin, Tallinn •Jacklin • franklin •chaplain, Chaplin •ratline •Carlin, marlin, marline, Stalin •Helen, Llewelyn •Mechlin •Emlyn, greml…, Llewelyn •Alun, Malin, Tallinn •Jacklin • franklin •chaplain, Chaplin •ratline •Carlin, marlin, marline, Stalin •Helen, Llewelyn •Mechlin •Emlyn, gre…, French educator and founder of the Ursuline Order in New France (Canada) . Ghent and several other major cities sent ambassadors to France to meet with Louis XI and negotiate a peace treaty. It's all about family. Cite this article Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Mary's mother was Isabelle of Bourbon , the second wife of Charles. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. She married Edouard I de Bar (1295-1336) 2 November 1310 JL in Montbard. There was nothing for Mary to do except return to Ghent and await her father's next decision. Mary and Maximilian seem to have had an ideal marriage. She received her first proposal of marriage at age five. There was no time to lose in council meetings, and as reigning duchess Mary had no need of a dowry or lengthy marriage contract. (October 17, 2020). She enjoyed reading fables and Roman histories, and may have had some training in political philosophy. This ploy worked; the enraged ambassadors returned to Ghent and confronted Mary with the letter. Identifiant IdRef : 027522458. Fille un… She spent the next few days making sure that the families of the executed advisors were safe and cared for financially. Elle est la fille de Philippe, dit le Hardi, duc de Bourgogne et de Marguerite III de Flandre. De Berente, M. Histoire des ducs de Bourgogne de la maison Valois, 1364–1477. Death • 6 Sources. Since the duke could not be everywhere at once, it was important for ducal representatives to make appearances in each of the major cities. Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Mary Capet-Valois of Burgundy, Duchess regnant of Burgundy, Countess regnant of Holland, was born 13 February 1457 in Brussels, Belgium to Charles, Duke of Burgundy (1433-1477) and Isabella of Bourbon (c1436-1465) and died 27 March 1482 in Wijnendale Castle, Wijnendale, West Flanders, Belgium of broken back. In the letter, co-signed by her advisors, Mary humbly addressed the king of France as her godfather and suggested that she would consider his offer. She enjoyed an affectionate relationship with her father, even though he was almost constantly away from her. Marie de Bourgogne, -- 1457-1482 -- Biographies. The citizens and councilors of Ghent were so insulted at the lowliness of the ambassador sent to meet with their sovereign, and at his insistence on speaking privately with the young woman, that they threatened to throw Mauvais into the river. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Mary, called Mary the Rich (13 February 1457 – 27 March 1482), was suo jure Duchess of Burgundy from 1477 – 1482. Born in Brussels on February 13, 1457; died on March 27, 1482, at the Prinsenhof in Ghent; daughter of Charles the Bold, the last Valois duke of Burgundy (r. 1467–1477), and his second wife, Isabelle of Bourbon (d. 1465); became first wife of Maximilian I of the Habsburgs (1459–1519), archduke of Austria, and Holy Roman emperor (r. 1493–1519), in 1477 (by proxy on April 22, and in person on August 18); children: Philip the Handsome also known as Philip I the Fair (1478–1506, who married Juana La Loca ); Margaret of Austria (1480–1530, duchess of Savoy, regent of the Netherlands); Frederic (b. September 1481 and lived only a few months). Much more is known about how Mary of Burgundy was entertained and occupied as a child. Unfortunately, the Gantois were more concerned with their privileges than with the safety of their land. He had negotiated with Frederick III, Holy Roman emperor and emperor of Austria, for the marriage of Mary to his son Maximilian; the match was designed to bring stability to the warring German cities and to outmaneuver France once and for all. He had most recently dismissed all of their magistrates and enforced the election of an entire new council. If enough of the territory fell without a struggle, and Mary proved incapable of keeping the land intact, Edward IV was willing to split the territory evenly with France. Thus, Mary of Burgundy proceeded to finalize the marriage arrangements herself, despite a clause in the Great Privilege that gave the right of arrangement to the people of Burgundy. With the power of Austria now behind Burgundy, England had no problem committing to support the tiny collection of states against the French king. Marie de Bourgogne (1457-1482). 1457. In the meantime, Mary had changed her will secretly so that Maximilian would get all of her territory, as well as guardianship of the children, should she die before him. Confirm this request. Marie de Bourgogne, née à Bruxelles le 13 février 1457 et morte en Flandre au château des ducs de Bourgogne à Bruges le 27 mars 1482, fut duchesse de Bourgogne, de Brabant, de Lothier, de Gueldre, de Limbourg et de Luxembourg, comtesse de Flandre, d'Artois, de Bourgogne, de Hainaut, de Hollande, de Zélande, de Namur, de Charolais et de Zutphen, marquise du Saint-Empire, dame de Frise, de Malines et de Salins. In Brussels, on September 2, 1481, while Maximilian was again absent, Mary had a third child, another son whom she named Frederic. Though they were cousins and had previously enjoyed good relations, Charles and Louis of France had become foes in a contest for land acquisition. 17 Oct. 2020 . As things stood, however, the Flemish cities were pleased with her choice, because an Austrian duke was more likely to respect their culture and language than was the French king. It was hoped that Margaret of York would have influence with her brother should Burgundy ever require English help. Unfortunately, Maximilian was soon caught up in the fight with France over territory. During Easter week of 1477, on the appointed day of execution for Humbercourt and Hugonet, Mary of Burgundy appeared in the public square, alone and on foot, and entered the crowd. Marie de Bourgogne, née à Dijon en 1386 et morte à Thonon-les-Bains le 8 octobre 1422, est une noble issue de la dynastie française des Valois devenue comtesse puis duchesse de Savoie à la suite de son mariage avec Amédée VIII de Savoie. Louis knew that she and his son would probably never have children, leaving all of Burgundy in his possession. Vol. MARIE DE BOURGOGNE (1457-1482) duchesse de Bourgogne, fille unique de Charles le Téméraire et d? Maximilian I, who had many illegitimate children, also married Bianca Maria Sforza (1472–1510). A stern ruler, Maximilian was becoming hated and feared in some Burgundian cities. London: Henry G. Bohn, 1855. Mary's subjects were overjoyed with the births so soon after her marriage, and they followed the growth of the ruling family with interest. Encyclopedia.com. These tactics had worked so well that the Gantois were determined to keep Mary again in residence there for as long as possible. Her entrance into the world was celebrated in a grand style, and her baptism at the cathedral of Coudenberg was considered "the greatest magnificence ever seen for a girl." The most famous queen in Scottish history, Mary Stuart was also queen…, Mary McLeod Bethune Council House National Historic Site, https://www.encyclopedia.com/women/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/mary-burgundy-1457-1482. Maximilian wrote to a friend that he found his wife beautiful, and he confided that they did not have separate bedrooms—something almost unheard of among the nobility of the day. Mary's great-aunt (possibly Agnes of Burgundy ) was responsible for arranging the series of governesses that educated the young lady. Door al deze titels was zij samenvattend vorstin van de Nederlanden. Frederick refused to comply and left early one morning without a word to Charles. schema: name. In March 1482, Mary was there with her children when Maximilian came to stay for several weeks; they were enjoying one of their famous hunts together. The exposure of the heiress to so many of her subjects also served to encourage love and loyalty for her, something she would sorely need in the coming years. Charles chose to give in to their demands rather than use force to put down the rebellion, which might have put his daughter at risk. FamilySearch is a nonprofit family history organization dedicated to connecting families across generations. Born: Brussels, Belgium 13th Feb 1457: Baptised: Died: Bruges, , , Belgium 27th Mar 1482: Buried: Family: de Bourgogne. Enfin, pour empêcher ce mariage, Louis XI va jusqu’à demander la main de Marie pour son propre fils, âgé d'un an seulement, avec promesse de donner Amiens et Saint-Quentin en Picardie. Name variations: Marie of Burgundy; Marie de Bourgogne; Maria van Bourgund; Duchess of Burgundy and Luxemburg; Queen of the Low Countries; (sometimes incorrectly known as Margaret of Burgundy because she has historically been confused with Margaret of York). Maria van Bourgondië. Despite Margaret of York's pleas to her brother for help, the king of England was reluctant to offer assistance until he saw how far Louis could get. . Some modern scholars claim that this letter never really existed; since Louis would use it later to hurt her, some believe he forged the letter to turn her subjects against her. The two were almost inseparable; indeed, their lives became so intertwined that modern. At her father's death at the siege of Nancy in January 1477, Mary was nineteen years old. Therefore, that information is unavailable for most Encyclopedia.com content. He also claimed that the duchess had agreed to marry his son against the wishes of her subjects. Her injuries did not at first seem serious enough to warrant fetching a doctor, but during the next few days she developed a serious fever and asked for the last rites to be performed. Exotic animals were brought to her as pets from around the world. At the same time, the city had financed a good deal of the latest military expeditions. Mary's presence served to quiet the resentful citizens and reassure them that the duke's debt would be repaid. However, accepting a partner who was not powerful enough to fight France would also be tantamount to surrender. A propos de Marie de Bourgogne. He offered to marry the duchess to his son, the dauphin Charles, who was at the time a sickly seven-year-old. This elegance may have been due to the political position of the child, or it simply may have been expected of the stylish House of Burgundy. At all times, negotiations for Mary of Burgundy's eventual marriage was taking place. Signaler une erreur. Discover the family tree of Marie de Bourgogne for free, and learn about their family history and their ancestry. He even wrote to Mary to promise his protection, calling upon his duty as her godfather to watch out for her and her land, which he more than likely hoped to claim as his own. Exporter en RDF. Enfant unique de Charles le Téméraire de Bourgogne et d'Isabelle de Bourbon, Marie de Bourgogne devint souveraine de ses terres après la mort de son père en 1477. Charles the Bold: The Last Valois Duke of Burgundy. Mary's other advisors, Margaret of York and Lord Ravenstein, were exiled from the city. Please select Ok if you would like to proceed with this request anyway. Louis XI is said to have tried to delay the procession to Ghent—he persisted in believing he could force Mary to accept his son. Throughout the first year of Mary of Burgundy's reign, she was bombarded with the marital demands of "pretendants," men who insisted that they had been promised her hand in marriage by her father Charles before his death. Fille unique du duc de Bourgogne Charles le Téméraire et de sa seconde épouse Isabelle de Bourbon. They both enjoyed riding and hunting. Marie de Bourgogne (1457-1482) Exporter en XML. Bourgogne (France) -- Histoire (15 s.) Bourgogne (France) (Ducs et duchesses) (15 s.) -- Biographies. Against advice, he laid siege to the city of Nancy, which was defended by a Swiss army. They were sure of their own authority, as Mary had promised it to them in the Great Privilege. Maximilian was absent for long periods, and he missed the birth and baptism of his first born child when on June 22, 1478, Mary gave birth to the boy who would someday reign as Philip I the Fair. Marie de Médic…, ALTERNATE NAMES: Cheremis (former) MARIE DE MÉDICIS (1573–1642), queen of France (1600–1610) and regent (1610–1617) for her son, Louis XIII. Maria 'de Rijke'. Marie Capet de Bourgogne was born circa1298 to Robert II de Bourgogne (1248-1306) and Agnes Capet (1260-1327) and died circa1345 of unspecified causes. Améliorer la notice. Marie de Bourgogne (1457-1482): un pouvoir princier féminin au bas Moyen Âge, sa construction et sa mémoire Marie, duchesse de Bourgogne (1477-1482) occupe une place essentielle entre Moyen Âge et première Modernité dans l’histoire des Anciens Pays-Bas et de l’Europe. Died in 1465 or 1466; daughter of Agnes of Burgundy (d. 1476) and Charles I, duke of Bourbon (r. 1434–1456); second wife of Charles the Bold (1433–1477), duke of Burgundy (r. 1467–1477); children: Mary of Burgundy (1457–1482, who married Maximilian I, Holy Roman emperor). Her remains were moved once more in the turmoil after the French Revolution; in 1806, she and her father were moved to a simple tomb in the chapel of Lanchals. Then, copy and paste the text into your bibliography or works cited list. Somehow, though she was an accomplished rider, Mary was thrown from her horse. Sadly, Frederic died only a few months later. It was said at the time that the people of a country always adore the child of their prince while she is young, but hate her as soon as she becomes the governor. Mary of Burgundy (1457–1482) Duchess of Burgundy, countess of Flanders, and archduchess of Austria, who fought to save her land from France and preserved what was … Mary's grandmother, Isabella of Portugal (1397–1471), filled the role of godmother. ." In March, Louis sent as ambassador to Ghent a man named Oliver le Mauvais, a former barber and surgeon who had bought his noble status. She cared for her falcons as if they were children; later in life, her husband would express surprise at Mary's insistence on keeping the birds of prey in the bedroom, even within a few days of their wedding. Mary developed a keen interest in hunting, riding, and other outdoor sports, as well as in gardening. ." Thus, the citizens formally convicted these two men of treason and sentenced them to death. « Marie de Bourgogne, 1457-1482 » (en: apocryphal) References Nicole Garnier-Pelle, Les Tableaux de Chantilly, la collection du duc d'Aumale, SkiraFlammarion - Domaine de Chantilly, 2009, p. 114-115 Many were moved by the sight of their princess, and a fight broke out between those who wanted to free the prisoners and those who wanted them killed. Maria van Bourgondië (Brussel, 13 februari 1457 — Brugge, 27 maart 1482) was hertogin van Bourgondië, Brabant, Limburg, Luxemburg en Gelre, gravin van Vlaanderen, Artesië, Holland, Zeeland, Henegouwen, Namen en Franche-Comté, en vrouwe van Mechelen. Hommel, Luc. "Mary of Burgundy (1457–1482) Mary of Burgundy spent most of her childhood at the ducal castle of Ten Waele at Ghent. found: Enc. 2-13-1457 in Brussels, d. 3-27-1482 in Brugge, Flanders) Change Notes 1979-05-02 : new Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Duchess of Burgundy, countess of Flanders, and archduchess of Austria, who fought to save her land from France and preserved what was to become the modern country of Belgium . Louis XI justified his invasion of Burgundy by pointing out the lack of a male heir; French law did not recognize a woman's right to inherit land, and thus he considered the land to be leaderless. Des pourparlers, Maximilien son fils. She was 25 years old. (under Mary (Burgundy): Mary, also called Mary of Burgundy, French, Marie de Bourgogne, b. Starting when Mary was only a child, her father promised her to a long line of suitors, including Ferdinand of Aragon, Nicholas of Lorraine, George, duke of Clarence (brother of Margaret of York), Duke Francis II of Brittany, the dauphin Charles (the future Charles VIII), Charles of Berry, Philibert of Savoy, Nicholas of Anjou, and Maximilian (I), the Habsburg archduke and heir to the Austrian empire. 1457 - 1482. Back in 1467, shortly after Charles had become duke of Burgundy, the Gantois, as the citizens were called, had risen against him. They learned from each other; Mary learned to speak fluent English from her stepmother, and Margaret of York learned French and Dutch from Mary. Marie de Bourgogne Maria Burgund, Herzogin 1457-1482 Maria Burgundzka (cesarzowa rzymsko-niemiecka ; 1457-1482) Marie hertuginne av Burgund Marie de Bourgogne эрцгерцогиня австрийская, императрица Священной Римской империи 1457-1482 Marie de Bourgogne, regina dei Paesi Bassi, 1457 … This would be contested hotly after her death by the people of Ghent and the Estates General. Burgundy was in a delicate position; Louis XI of France was eager for any excuse to take possession of Burgundian territory, and his armies and ambassadors had already started out for the nearest cities. Paris: Le Normant, 1937. Several cousins and other children from noble families lived with the heiress as playmates during her childhood. Mary of Burgundy was 19 and ready to bear children if she were matched with an adult husband.

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